회원

  • patekwatch님의 프로필 사진
    patekwatch
    2개월, 3주전
    - "Tudor Ranger There’s nothing special about the Tudor Ranger. It did not accompany adventurers to Mount Everest or Antarctica. Even the name “Ranger” isn’t quite as bold as Explorer or Submariner — perhaps […]"
  • http://www.sscmaterials.com/Non-ferrous metals are alloys or metals that do not contain any appreciable amounts of iron. All pure metals are non-ferrous elements, except for iron (Fe), which is also called ferrite from the Latin \"ferrum,\" meaning \"iron.\" Non-ferrous metals tend to be more expensive than ferrous metals but are used for their desirable properties, including light weight (aluminium), high conductivity (copper), non magnetic properties or resistance to corrosion (zinc). Some non-ferrous materials are used in the iron and steel industries, such as bauxite, which is used for flux in blast furnaces. Other non-ferrous metals, including chromite, pyrolusite and wolframite, are used to make ferrous alloys. However, many non-ferrous metals have low melting points, making them less suitable for applications at high temperatures. Tantalum is a chemical element with the symbol Ta and atomic number 73. Previously known as tantalium, it is named after Tantalus, a villain from Greek mythology. Tantalum is a rare, hard, blue gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. It is part of the refractory metals group, which are widely used as minor components in alloys. The chemical inertness of tantalum makes it a valuable substance for laboratory equipment, and as a substitute for platinum. Its main use today is in tantalum capacitors in electronic equipment such as mobile phones, DVD players, video game systems and computers. Tantalum, always together with the chemically similar niobium, occurs in the mineral groups tantalite, columbite and coltan (the latter is a mix of columbite and tantalite, though not recognised as a separate mineral species). Tantalum is considered a technology-critical element by the European Commission. Niobium, or columbium, is a chemical element with the chemical symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41. Niobium is a light grey, crystalline, and ductile transition metal. Pure niobium has a Mohs hardness rating similar to pure titanium, and it has similar ductility to iron. Niobium oxidizes in Earth\'s atmosphere very slowly, hence its application in jewelry as a hypoallergenic alternative to nickel. Niobium is often found in the minerals pyrochlore and columbite, hence the former name \"columbium\". Its name comes from Greek mythology: Niobe, daughter of Tantalus, the namesake of tantalum. The name reflects the great similarity between the two elements in their physical and chemical properties, which makes them difficult to distinguish. Molybdenum is a chemical element with the symbol Mo and atomic number 42 which is located in period 5 and group 6. The name is from Neo-Latin molybdaenum, which is based on Ancient Greek Μόλυβδος molybdos, meaning lead, since its ores were confused with lead ores. Molybdenum minerals have been known throughout history, but the element was discovered (in the sense of differentiating it as a new entity from the mineral salts of other metals) in 1778 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele. The metal was first isolated in 1781 by Peter Jacob Hjelm. Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with the symbol W and atomic number 74. Tungsten is a rare metal found naturally on Earth almost exclusively as compounds with other elements. It was identified as a new element in 1781 and first isolated as a metal in 1783. Its important ores include scheelite and wolframite, the latter lending the element its alternate name. Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in sea water, aqua regia, and chlorine. Zirconium is a chemical element with the symbol Zr and atomic number 40. The name zirconium is taken from the name of the mineral zircon. The word is related to Persian zargun (zircon; zar-gun, \"gold-like\" or \"as gold\"), the most important source of zirconium. It is a lustrous, grey-white, strong transition metal that closely resembles hafnium and, to a lesser extent, titanium. Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although small amounts are used as an alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion. Zirconium forms a variety of inorganic and organometallic compounds such as zirconium dioxide and zirconocene dichloride, respectively. Five isotopes occur naturally, four of which are stable. Zirconium compounds have no known biological role. Rhenium is a chemical element with the symbol Re and atomic number 75. It is a silvery-gray, heavy, third-row transition metal in group 7 of the periodic table. With an estimated average concentration of 1 part per billion (ppb), rhenium is one of the rarest elements in the Earth\'s crust. Rhenium has the third-highest melting point and highest boiling point of any stable element at 5869 K. Rhenium resembles manganese and technetium chemically and is mainly obtained as a by-product of the extraction and refinement of molybdenum and copper ores. Rhenium shows in its compounds a wide variety of oxidation states ranging from −1 to +7. Hafnium is a chemical element with the symbol Hf and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in many zirconium minerals. Its existence was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869, though it was not identified until 1923, by Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy, making it the second-last stable element to be discovered (the last being rhenium). Hafnium is named after Hafnia, the Latin name for Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Indium is a chemical element with the symbol In and atomic number 49. Indium is the softest metal that is not an alkali metal. It is a silvery-white metal that resembles tin in appearance. It is a post-transition metal that makes up 0.21 parts per million of the Earth\'s crust. Indium has a melting point higher than sodium and gallium, but lower than lithium and tin. Chemically, indium is similar to gallium and thallium, and it is largely intermediate between the two in terms of its properties. Indium was discovered in 1863 by Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter by spectroscopic methods. They named it for the indigo blue line in its spectrum. Indium was isolated the next year.님의 프로필 사진
    w56jy8
    4개월, 1주전
    - "http://www.zirconiablocks.com/Zirconia block consists of four layers of zirconia in graduated shades. This product allows the chair side fabrication of natural-tooth-colored restorations – eliminating a t […]"
  • http://www.bigsecu.com/A hidden camera or spy camera is a still or video camera used to record people without their knowledge. The term \"hidden camera\" is commonly used in TV shows, sometimes when subjects are unaware that they are being recorded, and usually lacking their knowledge and consent. The term \"spy camera\" is generally used when the subject would object to being recorded if they were aware of the camera\'s existence. In contrast, \"security cameras\" refer to cameras that are visible and/or accompanied by a warning notice of their presence. A wireless hidden camera creates pictures like any other digital video camera. Light comes through the lens, which focuses it on a small grid of light detectors. In a black-and-white surveillance camera, each detector simply gauges how much light there is at a particular place in the image. WiFi hidden camera allows you to be in two places at once. Protect what matters most to you from next door or across the world. Real time live streaming remote viewing enables you to check in on your camera using your Smartphone or tablet with the included app. You\'ll benefit from many of the features found on security cameras like motion activated recording, wide viewing angles, sd card video storage, and night vision to name a few. Home or office security has never been more affordable. Using any of these covert hidden surveillance cameras you\'ll be capturing video from these spy gadgets WiFi cameras in minutes. A spy camera is a device that is capable of capturing video (and sometimes audio) of a location without the subjects\' knowledge. Although they are occasionally used for commercial purposes, spy cameras are mainly used for surveillance activities. Spy cameras are also sometimes known as nanny cameras or nanny cams, due to the common use of spy cameras in checking on caregivers\' treatment of children. A nanny camera or nanny cam is a wireless home camera usually of a small size that is placed in the home by parents to monitor the activities of the nanny or caregiver when interreacting with children. Traditionally nanny cam can be place in hidden places like a stuff toy, clock, picture frames and pretty much anywhere it will be unnoticed. The purpose of a nanny cam is to make sure there is no abused or neglect done to children by the child giver. Wifi camera is a digital camera that transmits images to a computer or printer via wireless Wi-Fi. Using wireless rather than a USB cable, images can be stored on a local computer and bypass the memory card, allowing for an almost unlimited number of pictures to be taken. Bug detector is considered to be one of the best tools in the surveillance industry. When it comes to making sure your privacy is safe and secure at home or at work, bug detectors are one of the highly invested products for detecting unwanted surveillance. Home or business owners can use bug detectors to locate and identify hidden recording devices (audio or video) in any space. A bug detector is a counter-surveillance tool that locates these bugs and disables it. Hidden camera detector easily detects hidden camera and microphones. It allows its users to detect hidden camera and microphone just by using an android phone. Hidden camera detector is the solution to privacy. It is free to download and is a great option to detect hidden camera. It detects hidden devices easily. This camera detector is the best anti spy bug app which can also be used as electronic bug detector. This allows you to find spy bugs and cams around you. Detecting hidden camera was never that easy. Hidden camera detector lets you detect hidden devices around you so that no one can spy you. GPS stands for global positioning system. The system involves a network of satellites orbiting around the Earth and devices that can help determine an object or a person\'s location. Initially developed in the 1960s for military application, GPS technology eventually became available for public use in 1983, and advances and use cases have increased over the decades. These days, GPS tracking has a range of uses, from military exercises across the globe to directions that help drivers find their way. A audible recorder captures sound, converting it into an audio file that can be conveniently transferred to another device, like a computer. They come in various models, with all sorts of bells and whistles–both as separate recording devices and as smartphone apps.님의 프로필 사진
    w55hy7
    4개월, 1주전
    - "http://www.yinruimachine.com/The glass cutting machine adopts stepper or servo motor, driver and CNC control system, and is equipped with imported cutter wheels. It has the advantages of good stability, high […]"
  • http://www.tongjou.com/Screen printing (traditionally called silkscreen printing; also known as serigraphy and serigraph printing) is a printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink (or dye) onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. A blade or squeegee is moved across the screen to fill the open mesh apertures with ink, and a reverse stroke then causes the screen to touch the substrate momentarily along a line of contact. This causes the ink to wet the substrate and be pulled out of the mesh apertures as the screen springs back after the blade has passed. One colour is printed at a time, so several screens can be used to produce a multi-coloured image or design. Solvent Printing Ink is a relatively inexpensive type of ink that is compatible with inkjet printers. An attribute of solvent inks is that it is waterproof, thus making it resistant to fading and wearing. Water Base Screen Ink is an ink made with water rather than plastic or PVC. Water Base Screen Ink can be split into main ingredients, water and pigment. It serves as a great alternative to plastisol ink in many circumstances. Flexo Printing is a form of printing process which utilizes a flexible relief plate. It is essentially a modern version of letterpress, evolved with high speed rotary functionality, which can be used for printing on almost any type of substrate, including plastic, metallic films, cellophane, and paper. It is widely used for printing on the non-porous substrates required for various types of food packaging (it is also well suited for printing large areas of solid colour). UV Flexo Ink is a high performance ink formulated using bio-renewable resin technology. These inks were designed to offer excellent color strength and mileage, excellent adhesion on many materials, and to be run at high printing speeds. Water base flexo inks have considerably high surface tension, typically the highest of all inks, making them popular for printing on highly absorbent substrates of heavy weights, like corrugated packaging materials. They are compatible for use with every type of elastomer sleeve. Construction coatings include protective coatings and sealants applied to various surfaces to improve surface properties, including appearance, corrosion, adhesion, and scratch resistance. The common construction coatings widely used nowadays include acrylic, epoxy resin, and polyurethane coatings. A primer or undercoat is a preparatory coating put on materials before painting. Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability, and provides additional protection for the material being painted. Wood Coatings are basically a kind of material to be applied on wooden surface to protect the wood from different natural and manmade factors. These factors also include all the environmental agents which can cause harm to the wood. In simple words, Wood coatings act as a life guard to any wooden item. Digital ink is a form of technology that allows handwriting and drawings to be added electronically to documents and be displayed on a computer monitor.님의 프로필 사진
    q54hy6
    4개월, 1주전
    - "http://www.xgform.com/H20 Beam is a type of concrete formwork wood beams. It is used in all formwork systems include wall formwork, table formwork, slab formwork, column formwork, etc. With the lightweight and […]"
  • http://www.xmjoacii.com/Stainless steel rings are incredibly durable, making them perfect for everlasting wedding bands. They don\'t require much maintenance and are really easy to clean- just use warm water and soap! Stainless steel necklaces are quite affordable as they are easily available. The metal is an alternative to traditional jewelry metals, like silver, gold, and bronze, making it cheaper to purchase. Stainless steel necklaces have become popular among people who seek great quality necklaces for low prices. Stainless steel earrings are not readily corroded because of the existence of 10% chromium. Although the steel contains small amounts of copper and iron, chromium acts as a resistance blocking any emergence of corrosion. As the name suggests, there will be no corrosion or stains on its surface with stainless steel earrings, with chromium having a significant influence. Stainless Steel Bracelets offer enhanced durability and a longer lifespan than sterling silver due to its inherent corrosion and scratch-resistance. Stainless Steel Jewelry Series are made of stable alloy with strong resistance to chemicals, water, and saline environments. These unique characteristics are not easy to find in platinum, white gold, or sterling silver. In comparison to the price, Stainless Steel Jewelry Series are affordable against the metals mentioned above. So Stainless Steel Jewelry Series are cheaper, strong, durable, easy to carry around, and very comfortable for sensitive skin. By wearing constellation jewelry, we allow our souls to traverse new universes in search of our guiding stars. For most women, the big hoop earrings feel like a powerful statement of power, self-sufficiency, independence, and a great deal of positive feminine energy. Cremation Jewelry (which is also known as Funeral Jewelry, Remembrance Jewelry or Memorial Jewelry) is simply a way for people to be close to a loved one in lieu of other cremation options. In addition to the above products, our company also produces Letter Jewelry for customers to choose from.님의 프로필 사진
    q53jy5
    4개월, 1주전
    - "http://www.youthpowergy.com/Lithium solar batteries are simply lithium batteries used in a solar power system. More specifically, most lithium solar batteries are deep-cycle lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) […]"
  • http://www.safereagents.com/The Karl Fischer Reagents consist of a solvent Alcohol (ROH), a known concentration of Iodine (I2), a Base (RN) and Sulfur dioxide (SO2). Principle of Reaction. The Bunsen reaction between iodine and sulfur dioxide in an aqueous system is the basis for the Karl Fischer Reagents reactions. HPLC Reagents is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate, identify, and quantify each component in a mixture. Industrial gases are the gaseous materials that are manufactured for use in industry. The principal gases provided are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, hydrogen, helium and acetylene, although many other gases and mixtures are also available in gas cylinders. The industry producing these gases is also known as industrial gas, which is seen as also encompassing the supply of equipment and technology to produce and use the gases. Their production is a part of the wider chemical Industry (where industrial gases are often seen as \"specialty chemicals\"). Dust Filter Bag are widely used for the filtration of high temperature waste gas from various industrial furnaces. Filter paper is a semi-permeable paper barrier placed perpendicular to a liquid or air flow. It is used to separate fine solid particles from liquids or gases. In addition to the above products, our company also other products for customers to choose from.님의 프로필 사진
    q52jlj4
    4개월, 2주전
    - "http://www.senwayerpeptide.com/Peptides (from Ancient Greek πεπτός (peptós) ‘digested’, from πέσσειν (péssein) ‘to digest’) are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Chains of fewer than twenty am […]"
  • http://www.kintytool.com/A concrete mixer (often colloquially called a cement mixer) is a device that homogeneously combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For smaller volume works, portable concrete mixers are often used so that the concrete can be made at the construction site, giving the workers ample time to use the concrete before it hardens. An alternative to a machine is mixing concrete by hand. This is usually done in a wheelbarrow. According to the working nature, it can be divided into batch type (batch type) and continuous type; according to the stirring principle, it can be divided into self-falling type and forced type; according to the installation method, it can be divided into fixed type and mobile type; According to the structure of the mixing drum, it is divided into pear type, drum type, double cone, disc vertical shaft type and circular groove horizontal shaft type. A mixing paddle is a shaped device, typically mounted on a shaft, which can be inserted on the shaft end into a motorised drive, for the purpose of mixing liquids, solids or both. Paddle mixers may also be used for kneading. Whilst mounted in fixed blending equipment, the paddle may also be referred to as an agitator. Mixing paddles are used for mixing ingredients in cooking and for mixing construction products, such as pastes, slurries or paints. They are also used for dispersing solids within liquids (for example, some polymers may be delivered in solid form, but will dissolve in liquids). It has the following characteristics: 1. The anchor type and frame type are generally used at low speed between 60 and 300rpm. This is because considering the length of the anchor type and frame type is 3 to 5 meters, the support point is located at the shaft head, and the stirring shaft is The strength is limited, and the stirring shaft beats relatively large at high speed, especially the shaking at the bottom of the stirring range is large, and even touches the inner wall of the reaction kettle. At the same time, the number of revolutions is selected in combination with the viscosity of the material. The viscosity is large and the speed is low, and the viscosity is small and the number of revolutions is an appropriate high point; 2. Turbine type: There are many blades, many types, and high speed, so that the fluid can be changed from vertical movement to horizontal movement evenly; 3. Propulsion type: The propulsion type is also called the propeller type. It is often cast as a whole. When welding is used, it is difficult to process the shaft sleeve after die forging. The static balance experiment should be done during manufacture, and the shaft can be connected with the shaft sleeve, flat key and set screw. A concrete grinder can come in many configurations, the most common being a hand-held angle grinder, but it may be a specialized tool for countertops or worktops. Angle grinders are small and mobile, and allow one to work on harder to reach areas and perform more precise work. There are also purpose-built floor grinders that are used for grinding and polishing marble, granite and concrete. Machines that grind concrete floors are usually made to handle much more stress and will have more power to drive the unit as concrete has a much higher sliding friction than marble or granite which is also worked wet, therefore with less friction. In fact some types of marble will spark when it is ground dry, causing deep damage to the marble surface. Floor grinders are most suitable to polishing a concrete floor slab as it can cover large surfaces more quickly, and they have more weight on them, therefore making the actual grinding process more efficient. All concrete grinders use some sort of abrasive to grind or polish such as diamond tools or silicon carbide. The diamond tools used for grinding most commonly are diamond grinding cup wheels, other machines may use diamond segments, mounted on varies plates, slide on diamond grinding shoes and for polishing are usually circular Resin diamond polishing pads. The use of diamond attachments is the most common type of abrasive used under concrete grinders and come in many grits that range from 6 grit to the high thousands, although 1800 grit is considered by the insurance industry as the highest shine to apply to a floor surface. A screwdriver is a tool, manual or powered, used for driving screws. A typical simple screwdriver has a handle and a shaft, ending in a tip the user puts into the screw head before turning the handle. This form of the screwdriver has been replaced in many workplaces and homes with a more modern and versatile tool, a power drill, as they are quicker, easier, and can also drill holes. The shaft is usually made of tough steel to resist bending or twisting. The tip may be hardened to resist wear, treated with a dark tip coating for improved visual contrast between tip and screw—or ridged or treated for additional \'grip\'. Handles are typically wood, metal, or plastic and usually hexagonal, square, or oval in cross-section to improve grip and prevent the tool from rolling when set down. Some manual screwdrivers have interchangeable tips that fit into a socket on the end of the shaft and are held in mechanically or magnetically. These often have a hollow handle that contains various types and sizes of tips, and a reversible ratchet action that allows multiple full turns without repositioning the tip or the user\'s hand. A screwdriver is classified by its tip, which is shaped to fit the driving surfaces—slots, grooves, recesses, etc.—on the corresponding screw head. Proper use requires that the screwdriver\'s tip engage the head of a screw of the same size and type designation as the screwdriver tip. Screwdriver tips are available in a wide variety of types and sizes (List of screw drives). The two most common are the simple \'blade\'-type for slotted screws, and Phillips, generically called \"cross-recess\", \"cross-head\", or \"cross-point\". With the development of modern mechanical processing industry, the requirements for cutting quality and precision are constantly improving, and the requirements for improving production efficiency, reducing production costs, and having highly intelligent automatic cutting functions are also increasing. The development of CNC cutting machine must meet the requirements of the development of modern mechanical processing industry. Cutting machines are divided into flame cutting machines, plasma cutting machines, laser cutting machines, water cutting machines, etc. The laser cutting machine is the fastest in efficiency, the highest in cutting accuracy, and the cutting thickness is generally small. The cutting speed of the plasma cutting machine is also very fast, and the cutting surface has a certain slope. The flame cutting machine is aimed at carbon steel materials with larger thickness. Cutting machines are used in metal and non-metal industries. Generally speaking, non-metal industries are more detailed, such as stone cutting machines with cutting stone, drywall cutters, sawtooth cutting machines, laser cutting machines for chemical fiber products, blade cutting machines, there are flame cutting machines, plasma cutting machines, and flame cutting machines for cutting metal materials. There are two types of flame cutting machines: CNC cutting machines and manual cutting machines. CNC cutting machine, cantilever CNC cutting machine, desktop CNC cutting machine, intersecting line CNC cutting machine and so on.님의 프로필 사진
    q51jkj3
    4개월, 2주전
    - "http://www.pvcboxcholyn.com/A box (plural: boxes) is a container used for the storage or transportation of its contents. Most boxes have flat, parallel, rectangular sides. Boxes can be very small (like a matchbox) […]"
  • http://www.powdercoatmachine.com/Powder coating is a type of coating that is applied as a free-flowing, dry powder. Unlike conventional liquid paint which is delivered via an evaporating solvent, powder coating is typically applied electrostatically and then cured under heat or with ultraviolet light. The powder may be a thermoplastic or a thermoset polymer. It is usually used to create a hard finish that is tougher than conventional paint. Powder coating is mainly used for coating of metals, such as household appliances, aluminium extrusions, drum hardware, automobiles, and bicycle frames. Advancements in powder coating technology like UV curable powder coatings allow for other materials such as plastics, composites, carbon fiber, and MDF (medium-density fibreboard) to be powder coated due to the minimum heat and oven dwell time required to process these components. Powder coatings contain no solvents and release little or no amount of volatile organic compounds (VOC) into the atmosphere. Thus, there is no need for finishers to buy costly pollution control equipment. Companies can comply more easily and economically with environmental regulations, such as those issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Powder coatings can produce much thicker coatings than conventional liquid coatings without running or sagging. Powder coated items generally have fewer appearance differences than liquid coated items between horizontally coated surfaces and vertically coated surfaces. A wide range of speciality effects are easily accomplished using powder coatings that would be impossible to achieve with other coating processes. Curing time is significantly faster with powder coatings compared to liquid coatings especially when using ultraviolet cured powder Coatings or advanced low bake thermosetting powders. The automatic powder coating machine has several spraying methods, such as 1. Electrostatic spraying method: it is the most commonly used spraying method for powder automatic spraying equipment, mainly through the electrostatic field to make the electrostatic powder coating evenly fall on the surface of the workpiece to be sprayed, A uniform coating is then formed by leveling in a curing oven; 2. Electrostatic fluidized bed spraying method: The electrostatic fluidized bed spraying method is mainly by adding high-voltage electrodes to the interval of the porous plate at the bottom of the powder automatic spraying equipment and the container. Thus, a high-voltage electric field is formed between the piezo electrode and the workpiece, and the uniformity and adhesion of the coating thickness of the powder coating are greatly improved; 3. Electrostatic oscillating powder coating method: The electrostatic oscillating powder coating method used in powder coatng machine mainly converts the high-voltage point of direct current into a high-voltage electrostatic field, so that its periodic change produces electric field oscillation. And under the action of this oscillating electrostatic field, the powder coating will float. Electrostatic powder coating gun is mainly composed of powder supply barrel, powder spray gun and controller. It is a special spray gun for electrostatic spraying of paints and powder coatings. It is both a paint atomizer and an electrostatic electrode generator. The powder needs to be charged to the workpiece to form an effective coating to protect and decorate the workpiece. Usually, a powder spray gun that can generate high-voltage static electricity is used as a production tool for powder coating. Such a type of spray gun will generate a high-voltage, low-current high-voltage electric field, and the powder particles will be negatively charged when they move in it, and then firmly adsorbed onto the workpiece to be coated. Such a process is often referred to as powder electrostatic spraying. In electrostatic powder coating, the curing furnace is the key equipment. The quality of the paint film has a very important relationship with the temperature of the curing furnace. The heating method of the powder curing furnace can be divided into two categories: one is the hot air circulation type, The second type is the infrared radiation heating method. Hot air circulation heating can be divided into direct heating and indirect heating. There are two heat sources used for direct heating, electric heating spiral fin type and gas type direct heating. The advantages of the direct electric heating spiral fin type are uniform temperature in the furnace and strong adaptability of the workpiece: the solid state relay PID is used to adjust the temperature. The temperature deviation in the powder coating oven is small. The disadvantage is that the heating time is slow and the equipment power is large, and it is not fit for used as an industrial powder coating oven. Because it is heated by hot air circulation, the curing process is easy to cause secondary pollution of dust. The furnace occupies a large area. The advantages of the gas-fired direct heating method are fast heating speed, high heat energy conversion rate, proportional adjustment control for furnace temperature control, and small temperature control deviation in the warm furnace. Because the burner flame burns directly in the combustion chamber, the curing process is likely to cause secondary pollution of dust and exhaust gas, which is not suitable for use as a home powder coating oven. A high temperature resistant filter should be installed in the heating chamber, so that the full pressure of the circulating fan should be considered in the selection of the fan. In addition, the heating indoor plate must be made of stainless steel plate, the cost of these two equipment is relatively Increase, the furnace covers a large area. Powder coating filter is a kind of multi-purpose filter equipment with novel structure, small size, simple and flexible operation, energy saving, high efficiency, airtight work and strong adaptability. It is a pressure filter device. The liquid flows into the filter bag from the inlet pipe on the side of the filter shell. The filter bag itself is installed in the reinforcement net. The liquid penetrates the filter bag of the required fineness grade to obtain qualified filtrate. Impurity particles are captured by filter bags. The machine is very convenient to replace the filter bag, and there is basically no material consumption for filtration. This filter can be applied to 1. Nanofiltration (NF), ultrafiltration (UF), reverse osmosis (RO), electronic membrane deionization (giant D,) and other system security filtration; 2. Filtration of pharmaceutical injections, large infusions, eye drops, Chinese herbal medicines, etc., extraction, purification and concentration of biological preparations; 3. Pre-filtration of high-purity water for electronics, microelectronics, and semiconductor industries; 4. Filtration of oilfield re-injection water, boiler feed water, chemical reagents, liquid organic products, high-purity chemicals, concentrated drugs, etc.; 5. Drinking purified water, mineral water, fruit juice, tea drinks, health drink filtration, etc. The main recovery methods of powder coating include filter element recovery and combination of large cyclone and small cyclone. Improvements to the powder coating recovery powder sieve system allow for a more efficient, cleaner coating. 1. Filter element detection and cleaning device powder recovery; 2. The frequency conversion recovery system maintains a stable air flow for powder recovery, which means a stable recovery effect. However, under the same recycling capacity, different workpieces have different powder adhesion efficiencies. Coupled with the guiding effect of some large workpieces and long workpieces, powder spillage will also occur. The selection of variable frequency fans can adjust the recovery air volume within a certain range, which not only meets the requirements of noise reduction, but also meets the requirements of recovery capacity. The frequency conversion recovery system can increase or decrease the air volume according to the recovery effect, so that the powder coating production has a certain mobility. When the production volume is small or the amount of powder spraying is small, the air volume of the fan can be reduced, which has a certain energy saving effect.님의 프로필 사진
    q50kkj2
    4개월, 2주전
    - "http://www.shjumpmachine.com/The fruit processing line refers to the cleaning, lifting, sorting, crushing, peeling and pitting, beating and other pre-processing of the original fruit, to vacuum concentration, […]"
  • http://www.modaivd.com/Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease has since spread worldwide, leading to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Symptoms of COVID‑19 are variable, but often include fever, cough, headache, fatigue, breathing difficulties, loss of smell, and loss of taste. Symptoms may begin one to fourteen days after exposure to the virus. At least a third of people who are infected do not develop noticeable symptoms. Of those people who develop symptoms noticeable enough to be classed as patients, most (81%) develop mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia), while 14% develop severe symptoms (dyspnea, hypoxia, or more than 50% lung involvement on imaging), and 5% suffer critical symptoms (respiratory failure, shock, or multiorgan dysfunction). Older people are at a higher risk of developing severe symptoms. Some people continue to experience a range of effects (long COVID) for months after recovery, and damage to organs has been observed. Multi-year studies are underway to further investigate the long-term effects of the disease. COVID‑19 transmits when people breathe in air contaminated by droplets and small airborne particles containing the virus. The risk of breathing these in is highest when people are in close proximity, but they can be inhaled over longer distances, particularly indoors. Transmission can also occur if splashed or sprayed with contaminated fluids in the eyes, nose or mouth, and, rarely, via contaminated surfaces. People remain contagious for up to 20 days, and can spread the virus even if they do not develop symptoms. Several COVID-19 testing methods have been developed to diagnose the disease. The standard diagnostic method is by detection of the virus\'s nucleic acid by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), or by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) from a nasopharyngeal swab. Several COVID-19 vaccines have been approved and distributed in various countries, which have initiated mass vaccination campaigns. Other preventive measures include physical or social distancing, quarantining, ventilation of indoor spaces, covering coughs and sneezes, hand washing, and keeping unwashed hands away from the face. The use of face masks or coverings has been recommended in public settings to minimize the risk of transmission. While work is underway to develop drugs that inhibit the virus, the primary treatment is symptomatic. Management involves the treatment of symptoms, supportive care, isolation, and experimental measures. Kidney function refers to the function of the kidney to excrete metabolic waste in the body and maintain the stability and acid-base balance of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium and calcium. The examination of renal function includes blood creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, blood and urine β 2-microglobulin, urinary albumin, urinary immunoglobulin G, urinary secretory immunoglobulin A, etc. Kidney is one of the indispensable organs in human body. It forms the urinary system together with ureter, bladder and urethra. The kidney is a pair of parenchymal organs, one on the left and one on the right. They are located on both sides of the spine and close to the posterior abdominal wall. Because this part is located at the waist, people commonly call the kidney \"waist\". The kidney looks like a broad bean with a smooth surface. Each kidney is 10 ~ 12cm long, 5 ~ 6cm wide, 3 ~ 4cm thick and weighs 120 ~ 150g. The kidney has three basic functions: (1) Produce urine and excrete metabolites. The body produces a variety of wastes in the process of metabolism. Most of the wastes are discharged with urine through glomerular blood filtration and secretion of renal tubules; (2) Maintain fluid balance and acid-base balance in the body. Through the filtration of glomerulus and the reabsorption and secretion of renal tubules, the kidney discharges excess water in the body, regulates acid-base balance and maintains the stability of internal environment; (3) Endocrine function.① Secrete renin, prostaglandin and kinin. Blood pressure is regulated by renin angiotensin aldosterone system and kallikrein bradykinin prostaglandin system; ② Erythropoietin stimulates bone marrow hematopoiesis; ③ Active VitD3. Regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism; ④ Many endocrine hormone degradation sites - such as insulin, gastrointestinal hormones, etc. When renal function is not complete, these hormones T1 / 2 are significantly prolonged, resulting in metabolic disorders; ⑤ Target organ of extrarenal hormone. Such as parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, etc. It can affect and regulate renal function. Thyroid gland is a very important gland in vertebrates and belongs to endocrine organ. In mammals, it is located below the thyroid cartilage of the neck and on both sides of the trachea. The human thyroid gland is shaped like a butterfly, like a shield, so it is named after it. Thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland in adults, located in the front of the neck, brownish red, in \"H\" shape, weighing about 25g; It is composed of left and right leaves, isthmus and conical leaves. The left and right lobes of the thyroid gland are conical (the right lobe is slightly larger) and close to the side of the throat and trachea. The upper end reaches the middle of the thyroid cartilage and the lower end reaches the fourth tracheal ring. It is about 5cm long and 2.4cm wide. Its inner side is attached to the cricoid cartilage through the lateral ligament. Therefore, during swallowing, the thyroid gland can move up and down with the throat. The thyroid isthmus connects the left and right lobes and is located in front of the second to fourth tracheal cartilage ring. The thyroid isthmus of a few people can be absent. More than 60% of people extend a conical leaf upward from the isthmus. Conical leaves vary in length, and some can reach hyoid bone. It is a remnant of thyroid development. Near the left and right lobes of the thyroid gland, an independent mass of thyroid tissue can be seen, which is called parathyroid. The thyroid gland has two layers of capsule, the outer layer is thyroid capsule, which is composed of deep cervical fascia (anterior tracheal fascia), which is closely connected with the cervical vascular sheath to the outside; The inner layer is called fibrous capsule, which is the capsule of the gland itself. It directly adheres to the surface of the gland tissue and goes deep into the essence of the gland, dividing the gland tissue into several leaflets. The connection between thyroid capsule and fibrous capsule is loose and easy to separate, so intracapsular thyroidectomy can be performed clinically. From hyoid bone to thyroid isthmus or conical lobe, sometimes there is a small muscle bundle, called thyroid levator muscle, which can lift the thyroid gland. Therefore, thyroid function plays a great role in the human body. A substance produced and released by tumor cells often exists in tumor cells or host body fluids in the form of metabolites such as antigens, enzymes and hormones. Tumors can be identified or diagnosed according to their biochemical or immune characteristics. What are tumor markers? The biochemical properties and metabolic abnormalities of tumor cells, so there are substances with qualitative or quantitative changes in the body fluids, excretions and tissues of tumor patients. These are tumor markers. Clinically, tumor markers are mainly used for the discovery of primary tumors, the screening of high-risk groups, the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors, the judgment of tumor development, the observation and evaluation of tumor treatment effect, and the prediction of tumor recurrence and prognosis. Cardiac markers, also known as myocardial markers, are indicators of cardiomyocyte necrosis. Generally, specific values are obtained through laboratory examination. The main cardiac markers include creatine kinase, creatine kinase isozyme, troponin, myoglobin and so on. In case of myocardial cell necrosis, such as viral myocarditis or acute myocardial infarction, the above enzymes in the cells can be released into the blood. The rise of corresponding indicators can be seen during laboratory examination, suggesting the occurrence of myocardial necrosis. At the same time, according to the rising range of cardiac markers, we can indirectly understand the area of cardiomyocyte necrosis and the severity of the disease.님의 프로필 사진
    q49kkj2
    4개월, 2주전
    - "http://www.yssmdigitalprinter.com/Digital printing machine, also known as universal flatbed printer or flatbed printer, has broken through the difficulties of digital printing technology and realized the true […]"
  • http://www.yswooden.com/Nowadays, the trend of green consumption is becoming very popular in the world, with many people preferring to use wooden and paper eating utensils, the most prominent trend of using disposable wooden cutlery. The wooden cutlery set has many advantages, which are both good for health and safe the environment. Disposable wooden knife, disposablewooden spoon, and disposable wooden fork are quite eco-friendly. If you are looking for an alternative to disposable plastic knives and spoons, then disposable wooden knives and wooden spoons are the first choice. Many restaurants and fast food stores have limited the use of disposable plastic products to protect the environment. The disposable wooden cutlery set is made of 100% natural wood, stricted the production process. In addition, there are no chemicals, no preservatives, convenience and no harm to health. Here we have explained a few advantages of using wooden cutlery and how it benefits you. Perfect for Wedding and Parties: Perfect for weddings, large parties, and other catered events, disposable wooden cutlery is a favorite of catering companies everywhere. Elegant enough to use for even the fanciest special occasions, these wooden utensils tell your customers and clients that you have style to spare. With a simple, natural design, these wooden utensils show your clients that you take every aspect of their event into consideration, and that you will do everything you can to make each detail perfect. Environmentally-Friendly: These utensils are an environmentally-friendly alternative to plastic, and are compostable, which makes them a much better choice for consumers that care about the earth. They\'re completely organic and smooth, with no coatings, bleach, or dye. Each knife, spoon and fork feels as comfortable to eat off of as any plastic utensil, and as sturdy as metal utensils. With a flat, even surface, you\'ll never have to worry about splinters or breakage. Comfy & Stylish: Your guests will be able to enjoy both hot and cold foods in comfort and style, and can use these wooden utensils to enjoy everything from soup to salad. These utensils won\'t warp, disintegrate, or melt when used with piping hot dishes. Plus, they will never alter the taste of the dish, so you can use them while serving any type of food. Everyday Use: Your clients will love the opportunity to show off their unique style with this distinctive option, and you will love saving hours that would be spent washing non-disposable utensils. While these wooden spoons, forks and knives are great for chic catered events, they\'re also perfect for everyday restaurant use in cafeterias, fast food joints, and concession stands. Ice cream shops will love using our paper-wrapped wooden spoons for a new way to serve up icy sweets.님의 프로필 사진
    q48kkj1
    4개월, 2주전
    - "http://www.yuefeng-seal.com/What are O Rings? You could argue that the o-ring is a bit of a “living fossil” in terms of manufacturing components. They were first brought to market way back at the dawn of the 20th […]"
  • http://www.suntrver.com/What is Energy Storage Systems? Energy Storage Systems are the set of methods and technologies used to store energy. The stored energy can be drawn upon at a later time to perform useful operation. For instance, many renewable energy sources (such as wind, solar energy or solar energy, tides) are intermittent. Sometimes the use of renewable energy is not direct when the energy is available, but at other times. Then we need energy storage so that energy can be used when needed. Energy is available in various forms including radiation, chemical, gravitational potential, electrical potential, electricity, elevated temperature, latent heat and kinetic. There are various methods and technologies to store various forms of energy. The choice of energy storage technology is typically dictated by application, economics, integration within the system, and the availability of resources. And they are often used as Residential Energy Storage System or Commercial Energy Storage System for Outdoor Power Supply. Energy storage systems are also involved in converting energy from forms that are difficult to store to forms that are more convenient or economical. A wide array of storage technologies have been developed so that the grid can meet everyday energy needs Since the discovery of electricity, we have sought effective methods to store that energy for use on demand. Over the last century, the energy storage industry has continued to evolve, adapt, and innovate in response to changing energy requirements and advances in technology. Energy storage systems provide a wide array of technological approaches to managing our power supply in order to create a more resilient energy infrastructure and bring cost savings to utilities and consumers. To help understand the diverse approaches currently being deployed around the world, we have divided them into five main categories: Batteries – a range of electrochemical storage solutions, including advanced chemistry batteries, flow batteries, and capacitors Thermal – capturing heat and cold to create energy on demand or offset energy needs Mechanical Storage – other innovative technologies to harness kinetic or gravitational energy to store electricity Hydrogen – excess electricity generation can be converted into hydrogen via electrolysis and stored Pumped Hydropower – creating large-scale reservoirs of energy with water님의 프로필 사진
    q47lkj9
    4개월, 3주전
    - "http://www.wxhq-group.com/Conveyors are material handling systems that allow for easy transporting of products, from powder to bulk to complicated geometries. They are integral to all kinds of systems, as they […]"
  • http://www.qiaosenmachinery.com/Punching machines are developed for high flexibility and efficient metal processing. Normally, the punching equipment consists of two pieces of tool: one for the punches and another for the dies. What is the punching machine? These machines are usually equipped with a linear matrix carrier (tool holders) and quick change tools. The numerical computerized punching (CNC) is a manufacturing process of sheet metal that is made by CNC punching machines. These machines can be a single head design and tool rail or turret design of multiple tools. How does punching machines work? A punching machine works like a paper drill. The punch presses the paper against the drilling stand and finally into a round opening. Scrap metal from the perforation accumulates in the drilling container. The punching works in exactly the same way: the sheet is placed between the punch and the matrix. The work pieces are programmed and the lengths of the bars are entered, the control automatically calculates the maximum number of pieces to be punched (for example, 18 pieces of a 6000 mm bar). Once the desired number of work pieces is entered, the bar is pushed towards the stop. The punching machine is completely automated once the production process starts. Then the third axis of the CNC (CNC is the abbreviation of Computer Numerically Controlled) always moves the cylinder exactly on the tool, which minimizes the wear of the bearings and tools. All the pieces are sent by a slat conveyor and pushed laterally on a table. Any scrap is carried to the end of the conveyor and dropped into a container. There are many different types, makes and models of hand-held punching machine, and each one may be more suited for use on a particular material or specific task. Punching pliers There are basic hand-held punching machines available such as punching pliers. They typically have steel arms and jaws with soft-grip rubber handles and a heat-treated hardened steel punch that is screwed in to its uppermost jaw and held tightly in place with a nut. Spare punches of various sizes and shapes are available. Rotary punch pliers Rotary punch pliers have steel arms and jaws, the upper jaw having a rotating steel drum with six punches of increasing sizes attached to it. The typical sizes include: 2, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4 and 5mm. (5/64, 3/32, 7/64, 1/8, 5/32 and 3/16 in) though these may differ from model to model. Industrial punching machines There are many types of industrial hand-held punching machines available. Though their chief function remains the same (to punch holes) each may have qualities that make them better suited to a specific material or task. They are generally considered more heavy-duty tools than their domestic counterparts. Pressed steel punching machines There are punching machines that have pressed steel bodies, soft-grip rubber handles, a depth gauge and a selection of interchangeable hardened steel punches and dies of varying sizes. These types of punching machine are typically more expensive than the forged steel varieties. What\'s more, there are also many punching machine with more specific usages such as C Frame Single Point Metal Stamping Machine, C Frame Double Point Metal Stamping Machine, H Frame Single Point Punching Machine, H Frame Double Point Punching Machine, Deep Throat Punching Machine, Servo Punching Machine, Coil Feeder Machine, NC Servo Feeder Machine, YTE Electronic Disk Feeder, etc.님의 프로필 사진
    q46lrj8
    4개월, 3주전
    - "http://www.sdgrander.com/In ancient times, The man started using ox and cows for farming. Later machinery and more advanced types of machinery took their place, and the tractor is one of them. The tractors are […]"
  • http://www.superconshoes.com/Shoes are arguably the most important accessory in your closet. You need them every day, they enhance or distract from every outfit, and your entire mood can be affected by how they feel. Shoes are arguably the most important accessory in your closet. You need them every day, they enhance or distract from every outfit, and your entire mood can be affected by how they feel. What is a shoe? Shoe is an item of footwear intended to protect and comfort the human foot while the wearer is doing various activities. Shoes are also used as an item of decoration and fashion. A shoe is a foot covering with a solid sole and a heel. Some, though not all, provide additional fabric that reaches to the ankle. Shoes can extend beyond the ankle, though these are typically referred to as boots. Shoes provide protection to the feet and stability to the body. As we all know, there is more than one type of shoe style and if you are speaking to a native English speaker, you may need to refer to a particular type of shoe. This might be when out shopping and you are looking for, a pair of boots, for example or perhaps a pair of sandals. Knowing the different names of types of shoes will help you out a lot in your day to day conversations too. Shoes are used for both practical and aesthetic purposes. Practical shoes are typically those that are used for employment or athletics. For example, steel-toed boots are commonly used in industrial or construction environments. Those who spend much of their workday on their feet, like nurses, may have shoes that offer extra support and padding. Those who work with animals might need waterproof shoes, such as rubber boots or duck shoes. Athletes use shoes that are designed with their specific sport in mind. Runners may have very light soles that help them move at faster speeds. Football and baseball players will have thick soles with cleats that enable them to move through grass and dirt. Ballet dancers have shoes that have softer soles for flexibility or thick padding and stronger support when they dance en pointe. Bowlers need shoes that have slick soles to enable sliding on the alley. Each of these shoes has a specific purpose for their activity and would not be worn outside of their sport or stage environment. There are also some designer shoes used as an investment. Generally speaking, these shoes can increase their value over time, just like high-end handbags or accessories. Fashionable shoes are offered in all sizes, types, and price ranges. The style-savvy shopper may find sandals, pumps, wedges, heels, boots, sneakers, and more in an endless variety of colors and designs. These shoes generally offer the protection for which shoes were originally created while also allowing the wearer to display their own personality and flair. Besides, there are many different types of shoes made of different material for different people like Men Shoes including Men Canvas Shoes and Men PU Shoes, Women Shoes including Women Canvas Shoes and Women PU Shoes, and Kids Shoes including Kids Canvas Shoes and Basic Styles Shoes. Parts of a shoe The parts of a shoe can vary greatly depending on the type of shoe. For instance, sneakers have laces while clogs do not. On the other hand, there are some standard features in every shoe regardless of style. Every shoe has a firm sole. The presence of that firm sole is what separates a shoe from a sock.님의 프로필 사진
    d45lrh6
    4개월, 3주전
    - "http://www.ywhuiyuejewelry.com/Whether it’s simple studs or dramatic dangles, earrings are the quintessential no-fuss piece of jewelry – helping you look put together but not overdone. From more modern earring s […]"
  • http://www.xhtflange.com/Offering a reliable way to connect pipe systems with the various equipment, valves, and other components of virtually any processing system, flanges are the second most used joining method after welding. Using flanges adds flexibility when maintaining piping systems by allowing for easier disassembly and improved access to system components. A typical flanged connection is comprised of three parts: Pipe Flanges, Gasket and Bolting In most cases, there are specific gasket and bolting materials made from the same, or approved materials as the piping components you wish to connect. Stainless Steel flanges are some of the most common. However, flanges are available in a wide range of materials so matching them with your needs is essential. Other common flange materials include Monel, Inconel, Chrome Moly, and many others depending on the application. The best option for your needs will depend on both the system in which you intend to use the flange and your specific requirements. Flanges are not a one-type-fits-all sort of solution. Sizing aside, matching the ideal flange design to your piping system and intended usage will help to ensure reliable operation, a long service life, and optimal pricing. Here\'s a look at the most common flange types available. THREADED FLANGES Also known as a screwed flange, this style has a thread inside the flange bore which fits with the matching male thread on the pipe or fitting. The threaded connection means you can avoid welding in many use cases. Simply match the threading to the pipes you wish to connect. SOCKET-WELD FLANGES Ideal for smaller pipe diameters in low-temperature and low-pressure scenarios, socket-weld flanges feature a connection in which you place the pipe into the flange and then secure the connection with a single multi-pass fillet weld. This makes this style simpler to install than other welded flange types while avoiding the limitations associated with threaded ends. SLIP ON FLANGES Slip-on flanges are very common and are available in a large range of sizes to accommodate systems with higher flow rates and throughput. Simply match the flange to the outer diameter of the pipe you intend to connect. Installation is slightly more technical as you’ll need fillet weld both sides to secure the flange to the pipe. LAP JOINT FLANGES Featuring a two-piece design, lap joint flanges require butt welding of the stub end to the pipe or fitting with the use of a backing flange to create the flanged connection. This design makes this style popular for use in systems with limited physical space or systems which require frequent dismantling and maintenance. WELD NECK FLANGES Like lap joint flanges, weld neck flanges require butt welding for installation. However, their integrity, performance in systems with multiple repeat bends, and the ability to use them in high-pressure and high-temperature systems make them a leading choice for process piping. BLIND FLANGES Used for terminating or isolating piping systems, blind flanges are essentially boltable blank discs. When installed properly and combined with the correct gaskets, they can achieve an outstanding seal which is easy to remove when needed. SPECIALTY FLANGES The flange types listed above are the most common. However, there is a range of additional specialized flange types available to suit a range of uses and environments. Other options include nipoflanges, weldoflanges, expanding flanges, orifice, long weld neck, forged flange, big size flange, high pressure flange and reducing flanges.님의 프로필 사진
    d44lrg5
    4개월, 3주전
    - "http://www.yzsuperscaffold.com/A scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when […]"
  • http://www.runyvmat.com/As the industry leader in phosphine ligands and catalysts for homogeneous catalysis, Solvay offers a range of phosphorus compounds used in a breadth of applications and markets. Our scalable phosphorus chemistry meets the unique requirements of reactions that are crucial to several manufacturing processes across markets and applications, including petrochemicals, life sciences, flavors and fragrances, agrochemicals, fine chemicals, and plastics and other polymers. And do you what is Phosphine Ligands? Phosphines are a three-valent phosphorus compound and act as a \"soft\" σ-donating ligand with an unshared electron pair. This gives solubilization and stabilization to organometallic complexes by forming complexes with various transition metal species including latter-period transition metals and others, and is also used for controlling the reactivity and selectivity of the transition metal promoted reactions. Electron density and bulkiness of phosphine ligands are greatly related to the reactivity of their forming metal complexes. Generally, the phosphine ligands with high electron density increase the reactivity of oxidative addition from a metal center, and their bulkiness improves the reductive elimination. For example, trialkylphosphines especially tert-butyl or cyclohexyl group substituted phosphines show the highest electron density while the electron density of triarylphosphines and phosphite are sequentially decreasing. On the other hand, as an index of the bulkiness of phosphine ligands, that of monodentate phosphine ligands shows the cone angle (θ) while bidentate phosphine ligands show the bite angle (ω). As the angle of the phosphine ligands is wider, their steric effect is greater and they are regarded as more bulky phosphine ligands. A monodentate phosphine ligand of tri(o-tolyl)phosphine, and bidentate phosphine ligands of 1,1\'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene and Xantphos are known as representative bulky phosphine ligands. There are many different kinds of Phosphine Ligands, such as Chiral Phosphine Ligands, Chelated Phosphine Ligands, Biaryl Phosphine Ligand, Trisubstituted Phosphine Ligands and Other Phosphine Ligands. Homogeneous catalysis is an efficient alternative to its heterogeneous counterpart, and enables access to certain molecules that are not accessible through heterogeneous catalysis. Our high-performance phosphine ligands provide endless customization opportunities for catalytic processes. Phosphorus chemistry offers substantial diversity of structure, tunability and thermal stability, which leads to its use in many essential industries and an abundance of applications. A majority of Solvay\'s phosphorus technologies are available in liquid or solution form, which facilitates ease of handling and safe product stewardship. Solids are available if preferred. Produced via industry-recognized manufacturing processes, our phosphine ligands and catalysts can be manufactured at any scale. Solvay offers expertise and manufacturing wherewithal at any phase of the value chain, but specializes in developing ligand solutions from the initial R&D stage all the way to industrial-scale production and distribution. Except for Phosphine Ligands, there are also many other material Intermediate and Function Materials like Catalyst including Homogeneous Catalyst and Olefin Copolymerization Catalyst.님의 프로필 사진
    ds43lg3
    4개월, 3주전
    - "http://www.ugw-hose.com/Unless you work in an industry that uses hydraulic-powered machinery, the chances are you’ll have little awareness of what a hydraulic hose does (or even that such a thing exists). The […]"
  • http://www.tailinscitech.com/RABS versus Isolators Barrier Technology in Pharmaceutical Processing A major source of pollution in aseptic manufacturing is personal handling. Therefore, the reduction of human interventions in the critical zone leads to higher purity in the products. For aseptic manufacturing in pharmaceutical processing, Restricted Access Barrier Systems (RABS technology) as well as isolators offer improved sterility assurance for the product and an efficient protection of the staff against risks caused by hazardous substances. These aseptic barrier systems fulfill many applications in pharmaceutical production lines, such as finish manufacturing and packaging. Isolators include an automated bio-decontamination system and are suitable for long-lasting campaigns. A RABS, on the other hand, is an appealing solution for cleanrooms and guaranties the quality needs for applications which require more flexibility. If necessary, a RABS can be opened to allow for process intervention, while the Isolators must be kept closed during the entire operation. A major advantage of isolator technology over conventional cleanroom technology in aseptic environments is the high security level of protection of the product which is still not achievable with other methods working with aseptic products. A RABS provides separation by the barrier on the basis of a closed system for processing, which reduces the risk of contamination of the product because of reduced contact surfaces in comparison with handling in a normal cleanroom. In other words: It contains a barrier system with HEPA-filtered air flow, which allows a faster start and handling of processes compared with isolators and more flexible changes. Also, remodelling and renovations are cheaper. RABS air handling units operate similar to laminar flow fume hoods in a way that they get clean air from fan units through HEPA filters and the air vents from the unit into the RABS (overpressure airflow). Air exits through openings into the environment at a low level on the equipment. During operation, there should be no reason to open the RABS doors. If there is a severe cause to open the doors, the laminar air flow system and other elements must be able to prevent a collapse of the ISO 5 conditions. Each opening of the doors will be considered as a serious intervention and must be documented. An open RABS enables measurements and monitoring. RABS can – similar to an isolator – be driven as doors close system, with a very low risk of contamination. But a RABS contains not only a clean air maintenance system, it also includes an air lock zone, a well-designed equipment, laminar air flow, ISO 5 conditions in the critical zone, a quality system in place, SIP (sterilization in place), standard opterating procedures for interventions, disinfection plans and a documentation of all processes. An isolator is a closed system which has to perform two functions. It is a key control measure in preventing staff-exposure to cytotoxic substances, some of which may be carcinogens. It also has to protect the product from microbiological contamination during drug fabrication. Overpressured or underpressured isolators are enclosed units which rely on a steady flow of filtered air during use supplying ISO 5 conditions. Air entering and leaving the isolator will do so through HEPA filters. Access to an isolator is performed through glove ports and sterile transfer systems. Isolators can work in an ISO 5 to ISO 8 environment. Cleaning can be done manually or automated. Bio-decontamination of the isolator occurs through an automated cycle with H2O2 decontamination. Should there be a leak of the isolator, the system is not airtight. For an overpressure system, the leak will allow air, which might be contaminated with cytotoxic substances, to enter the workplace. For a negative pressure system, air that may contain bacteria could enter the isolator and contaminate the preparation. A good leak detection system should therefore be in place in order to ensure that the leak is identified by once. It is included in an environmental monitoring system with built-in sampling ports. Understanding Closed-System Transfer Devices: Why They Are Important and How to Select an Appropriate System CLOSED-SYSTEM TRANSFER DEVICES, OR CSTDS, are defined by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as, “A drug transfer device that mechanically prohibits the transfer of environmental contaminants into the system and the escape of hazardous drug or vapor concentrations outside the system.” These systems are important in protecting health care professionals from exposure to potentially cytotoxic and teratogenic medications both during product preparation and administration.1 The Importance of CSTDs in Protecting Health Care Professionals CSTDs help protect health care professionals from hazardous drugs, including pharmacists preparing medications and nurses administering medication. It has been estimated that 8 million health care professionals are exposed to hazardous drugs each year, increasing the risk of chromosomal abnormalities, teratogenicity, and cancer. More than 100 studies substantiate the increased risk, and more than 50 studies have documented harm to health care workers as a result of exposure.2-4 In a 1999 study published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Valanis and colleagues analyzed pregnancy outcomes in nearly 3000 nurses, pharmacists, and pharmacy technicians and compared those outcomes with those in more than 4000 women who were not health care workers. In health care workers, spontaneous abortion or stillbirth was 40% more likely (OR 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7) to occur in individuals who reported handling hazardous drugs.5 In 2010, McDiarmid and colleagues published a study in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine identifying a higher rate of chromosome 5 and 7 abnormalities among health care workers frequently handling antineoplastic medications than in health care workers who handled such medications less frequently. Researchers collected blood samples from more than 100 health care workers and analyzed the likelihood of chromosomal abnormalities related to the frequency of hazardous drug handling in each individual. Findings indicated significantly higher rates of structural chromosomal abnormalities in a high-exposure subset of health care workers than in a low-exposure group (0.18/person vs 0.02/person, respectively; P = .04). Significant outcomes included a 24% greater risk of chromosome 5 abnormalities (P = .01) and a 20% greater risk of chromosome 5 or 7 abnormalities (P = .01) in high-exposure individuals.6 These studies are not merely an academic exercise. Exposure to hazardous drugs has real-world consequences. Before she died of pancreatic cancer, pharmacist and hazardous drug compounding advocate Sue Crump reported, “One of my friends after another was coming down with either some very rare, exotic, bizarre disease; brain tumors; sarcoidosis; arrhythmias; or cancer.” When Sue developed pancreatic cancer at the age of 55 after a 23-year career in oncology pharmacy practice, she turned to the media and drew attention to the issue of inadequate protective controls in hazardous drug compounding.7 Sue’s case did not occur in isolation. Pharmacist Bruce Harrison, veterinarian Brett Cordes, and nurse Sally Giles all eventually developed cancer or precancerous conditions in their fourth or fifth decade of life after being exposed to the occupational risk of hazardous drug handling. Sadly, Bruce Harrison, who had a key role in developing hazardous drug handling guidelines, died at the age of 59. Sally Giles died of bile duct cancer in 1992. Brett Cordes has since recovered from cancer, but has left private practice to advocate for improved compounding safety standards.7 Use of CSTDs can help protect health care workers from exposure to hazardous medications. However, when considering a CSTD, it is important to understand that this set of products have very different design characteristics and, with regard to protective efficacy, some products have been studied extensively with high-quality trials—and others have not. What exactly is the difference between Sterilisation and Disinfection? At Sychem, we are specialists in Disinfection, Sterilisation and decontamination, and operate in a wide range of industries. Despite many people using the terms Sterilisation and Disinfection interchangeably, there are significant differences between both types of high-level cleaning. What exactly is the difference between Sterilisation and Disinfection? Cleaning & Disinfection: A process that removes dirt, dust, large numbers of microorganisms and organic matter, killing most, but not all viable organisms. Sterilisation: This is a process of removing or killing all viable organisms including spores. Dead microorganisms and toxins (pyrogens) may remain. Decontamination: A process that destroys or removes all microbial contamination to render an item or the environment completely safe. The process of Disinfection is used to reduce the number of viable micro-organisms on a device, but it is not guaranteed to inactivate them all. Disinfection can be used to reduce the number of viable micro-organisms down to a level that ensures the device is fit for its intended purpose. A reduction in the number of viable micro-organisms to the most minute number via cleaning and Disinfection makes a device sterile. In comparison, sterilisation is a process designed to kill all types of micro-organisms, including viruses, bacteria, and resistant bacterial spores, but is not necessarily effective against prions. This is because it is simply not possible to detect all organisms on a device. The term sterile can be used when the potential bio-burden (the number of organisms on a device) has been reduced such that there is less than one in a million chance of any surviving. How To Compare Different Types Of Gloves In Terms Of Thickness, Quality And Strength However, when comparing all the different types of hand protection, it can be hard to tell the difference and find the best fit for your purpose. Furthermore, most hand protection companies don’t explain all the complex variables that go into the creation of a glove. They use industry jargon and expect you to know what they are talking about. The Glove Company wants to clear the air around gloves and hand protection. We will explain the industry jargon and provide you with a helpful guide to remember when trying to find the best gloves for your needs. Every situation and glove is different though, so if you have the smallest amount of doubt that the glove you are using is not suited to your use, then please reach out to our Glove Experts, who are specially trained to find the best fit for every situation. Our hands can end up in all sorts of weird and hazardous situations throughout our lifetime. This means a glove that may suit your needs for one job will not provide adequate protection for another task. Furthermore, every company’s spec sheets and chemical-resistant sheets have different information on them, making it very hard to physically compare two different gloves. Generally speaking, in the safety industry, everyone automatically associates thickness with quality and strength. However, when it comes to gloves, especially disposable gloves, this is just not the case. Thickness can be an indicator but is not the principle driver. The thickness of a glove is not a reliable indicator of strength, quality, or puncture and chemical resistance. For disposable gloves in particular, it is easy to make a glove ‘thick’ however, if it’s made cheaply, or by someone who does not understand the complexities of glove manufacturing, the ‘thick’ glove will still easily snap or snag, when pulled or punctured. The only way to tell if a glove is of higher quality is to talk directly to a glove specialist and physically compare / trial the gloves. The best thing to do is call and have a chat to a Glove Expert, they will more than likely figure out which glove is the best for you, and then they will find the best way for you to trial the gloves. Most glove manufacturers are understanding of the fact that the best way for you to find the best protection is to talk to a specialist and trial the gloves, as every work, task or job is different. Once you get your hands on the gloves, put them to the test, and it will quickly become apparent, which is the better glove. Physically comparing and testing gloves is the best way to find the perfect fit for you. However, sometimes, you may need to compare gloves using technical specs and /or certifications. If you do, there are a few glove expert insider tips and tricks that will enable you to make an accurate comparison. Comparing the Thickness of Gloves and Disposable Gloves You can measure thickness in a variety of different ways. In America, they use mils (A “mil” is a unit of thickness equal to one-thousandth of an inch (.001 inch)). For the rest of the world, we use Micro Meters (Microns). A unit of length equal to one-millionth of a metre. It is important to note when measuring the thickness of a glove, that depending on which part of the glove is measured, there can be completely different results. For example, a thickness measurement taken from the fingertips will always be a lot thicker than a measurement taken on the palm of the glove. Best practice in the glove industry is to take the measurement from the palm of the glove. However, not everyone does, and this reason is partly why comparing gloves using only spec sheets does not work. You need to get your hands physically on the gloves and feel the difference for yourself. Membrane Filtration Method for Sterility Testing The Membrane Filtration Sterility Test is the method of choice for pharmaceutical products. An appropriate use of this test is for devices that contain a preservative and are bacteriostatic and fungistatic under the direct transfer method. With membrane filtration, the concept is that the microorganisms will collect onto the surface of a sub-micron pore size filter. This filter is segmented and transferred to appropriate media. The test media are fluid thioglycollate medium (FTM) and soybean casein digest medium (SCDM). FTM is selected based upon its ability to support the growth of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms. SCDM is selected based upon its ability to support a wide range of aerobic bacteria and fungi (i.e., yeasts and molds). Incubation time is 14 days. This method is the method of choice for medical devices because the device is in direct contact with test media throughout the incubation period. Viable microorganisms that may remain in or on a product after sterilization have an ideal environment within which to grow and proliferate. This is especially true with damaged microorganisms where the damage is due to a sub-lethal sterilization process. All microorganisms have biological repair mechanisms that can take advantage of environmental conditions conducive to growth. The direct transfer method benefits these damaged microorganisms. The entire product should be immersed in test fluid. With large devices, patient contact areas should be immersed. Nova understands that appropriate modifications are required due to the size and shape of test samples. The method requires that the product be transferred to separate containers of both FTM and SCDM. The product is aseptically cut, or transferred whole, into the media containers. After being transferred, the samples are incubated for 14 days.님의 프로필 사진
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  • http://www.avanzados.net/Shielded Cable: When To Use Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is prevalent throughout the factory floor. This is why data and signal cables are usually protected with insulated conductors and wrapped with a conductive layer. Shielding reduces electrical noise and reduces its impact on signals and also lowers electromagnetic radiation. Shielding prevents crosstalk between cables near each other. Shielding not only protects cable but it can also protect machinery and people as well. Power cables are constructed to be electromagnetic compatible (EMC) to minimize noise generation, which affects many other systems like radio and data communication. Communication cables are shielded to prevent the effects on the data transmitted from EMI. To further prevent cross talk and coupling, communication cables are also paired and individually shielded. In some applications, such as those needing servo cables, double or even triple shielding is required: around individual conductors, around twisted pairs, and around the entire cable. Some applications do not require shielded cables. For example, if a cable will be used in a cabinet or otherwise away from other sources of noise, it does not need to be shielded, as it will be protected from noise and EMI already. Cable shielding uses either a braided, spiral design or metal-coated Mylar or foil shield. The shielding wraps around each conductor to mitigate noise by 85% to 100%, depending on the configuration. The maximum shielding a braided shield can have is 90%. Spiral shields can offer 98%, while metal-coated Mylar can deflect 100% of EMI. Using a thin layer of Mylar or aluminum foil eliminates the gaps you may encounter with braided designs. The foil is attached to a polyester backing to provide 100% coverage. However, because it is thin, it can make applying connectors a challenge. Foil shielding can also be damaged in high-flex applications, so spiral or braided designs work best there. Just as described, braided shielding is made of a mesh of bare or tinned copper wires woven together. It is easy to terminate when crimping or soldering a connector. Because of the braiding, small gaps of coverage do occur, thus resulting in the only 90% shield rating. If the cable is not moving or flexing, this coverage should be sufficient. However, the braided design does add cost and weight to the final design. If an environment is extremely noisy, a cable may use multiple layers of shielding with both the braided and foil designs. Sometimes pairs of wires are shielded individually in addition to the entire cable being shielded. This is done to prevent crosstalk between pairs. Unlikely competitor for diamond as best thermal conductor: Boron arsenide potential for cooling applications The discovery that the chemical compound of boron and arsenic could rival diamond, the best-known thermal conductor, surprised the team of theoretical physicists from Boston College and the Naval Research Laboratory. But a new theoretical approach allowed the team to unlock the secret to boron arsenide\'s potentially extraordinary ability to conduct heat. Smaller, faster and more powerful microelectronic devices pose the daunting challenge of removing the heat they generate. Good thermal conductors placed in contact with such devices channel heat rapidly away from unwanted \"hot spots\" that decrease the efficiency of these devices and can cause them to fail. Diamond is the most highly prized of gemstones. But, beyond its brilliance and beauty in jewelry, it has many other remarkable properties. Along with its carbon cousins graphite and graphene, diamond is the best thermal conductor around room temperature, having thermal conductivity of more than 2,000 watts per meter per Kelvin, which is five times higher than the best metals such as copper. Currently, diamond is widely used to help remove heat from computer chips and other electronic devices. Unfortunately, diamond is rare and expensive, and high quality synthetic diamond is difficult and costly to produce. This has spurred a search for new materials with ultra-high thermal conductivities, but little progress has been made in recent years. The high thermal conductivity of diamond is well understood, resulting from the lightness of the constituent carbon atoms and the stiff chemical bonds between them, according to co-author David Broido, a professor of physics at Boston College. On the other hand, boron arsenide was not expected to be a particularly good thermal conductor and in fact had been estimated -- using conventional evaluation criteria -- to have a thermal conductivity 10 times smaller than diamond. The team found the calculated thermal conductivity of cubic boron arsenide is remarkably high, more than 2000 Watts per meter per Kelvin at room temperature and exceeding that of diamond at higher temperatures, according to Broido and co-authors Tom Reinecke, senior scientist at the Naval Research Laboratory, and Lucas Lindsay, a post-doctoral researcher at NRL who earned his doctorate at BC. Broido said the team used a recently developed theoretical approach for calculating thermal conductivities, which they had previously tested with many other well-studied materials. Confident in their theoretical approach, the team took a closer look at boron arsenide, whose thermal conductivity has never been measured. Unlike metals, where electrons carry heat, diamond and boron arsenide are electrical insulators. For them, heat is carried by vibrational waves of the constituent atoms, and the collision of these waves with each other creates an intrinsic resistance to heat flow. The team was surprised to find an unusual interplay of certain vibrational properties in boron arsenide that lie outside of the guidelines commonly used to estimate the thermal conductivity of electrical insulators. It turns out the expected collisions between vibrational waves are far less likely to occur in a certain range of frequencies. Thus, at these frequencies, large amounts heat can be conducted in boron arsenide. How Does Sound Absorbing Material Work? Sounds are occurring all around us, at every moment of the day, and some of them are held more clearly than others. If you\'ve been trying to soundproof your home and block certain noises, you\'ve likely looked into the marvel of sound absorbing materials and how they can help. How does sound absorbing material work? A material with sound absorbing properties is able to take the energy created from sound and turns it into another type of energy. These dense but soft materials help to absorb the sound or vibrations as the waves hit it, and it deforms this energy which reduces its effect. To give you a better understanding of what sound absorbing materials do, we\'ve created a simple guide that answers all of the questions you need to know. With a simple explanation of the science behind sound and absorption, you’ll be better equipped to choose a soundproofing material that works. Without sound, there would be no need for sound absorption methods, so it\'s a good idea to understand the science behind how it’s made and where it goes. A sound wave is created by a vibration that is sent through the air at varying lengths, like when someone yells, and these can be categorized as either high or low-frequency sounds depending on their length. A high-frequency sound wave can be reflected by thin materials, whereas low-frequency sound waves pass through them. Any soundwave that’s allowed to continue traveling will make noise unless there are materials or objects in the way. When none of this sound is absorbed, it creates noise, and if your goal is to prevent this noise from occurring, you need the right materials and setup to absorb them completely. Electrically Conductive Adhesives Electrically conductive adhesive products are primarily used for electronics applications where components need to be held in place and electrical current can be passed between them. Depending on gap between components, most general adhesives (such as anaerobics, cyanoacrylates, epoxies, and acrylic-based adhesives) act as an electrical insulator. Some offer improved thermal conductivity to help with thermal management of electronic components and heat sinks, directing heat away from sensitive components. Because in many cases (particularly when using an anaerobic or cyanoacrylate adhesive) there is no glue line control and effectively parts are touching (with adhesives filling in microscopic crevices), some electrical charge can still be transferred as there is enough metal to metal contact still occurring. Certain temperature-sensitive electronic components cannot be soldered (as the intense heat of liquid solder and the soldering iron can cause damage to the component). This type of application calls for an electrically conductive adhesive that can be used in place of solder. PCBs with components attached to both sides can also benefit from using an electrically conductive adhesive as assembly process is easier without risk of components dropping off the underside when parts are soldered on the top. Using electrically conductive adhesive for an entire electrical assembly negates the requirement to undergo a solder re-flow process. Applications for electrically conductive adhesives aren’t just limited to bonding components onto PCBs or die attach, they can be very useful for other electronic applications where substrates are temperature sensitive – such as for touch-panels, LCD displays, coating and bonding RFID chips, and mounting LEDs. Solar cells also use adhesives instead of solder as there is less warpage and damage to the sensitive wafers that make up solar cells. Which material is used for electromagnetic shielding? Typical materials used for electromagnetic shielding include sheet metal, metal screen, and metal foam. Common sheet metals for shielding include copper, brass, nickel, silver, steel, and tin. Shielding effectiveness, that is, how well a shield reflects or absorbs/suppresses electromagnetic radiation, is affected by the physical properties of the metal. These may include conductivity, solderability, permeability, thickness, and weight. A metal\'s properties are an important consideration in material selection. For example, electrically dominant waves are reflected by highly conductive metals like copper, silver, and brass, while magnetically dominant waves are absorbed/suppressed by a less conductive metal such as steel or stainless steel. Further, any holes in the shield or mesh must be significantly smaller than the wavelength of the radiation that is being kept out, or the enclosure will not effectively approximate an unbroken conducting surface. Another commonly used shielding method, especially with electronic goods housed in plastic enclosures, is to coat the inside of the enclosure with a metallic ink or similar material. The ink consists of a carrier material loaded with a suitable metal, typically copper or nickel, in the form of very small particulates. It is sprayed on to the enclosure and, once dry, produces a continuous conductive layer of metal, which can be electrically connected to the chassis ground of the equipment, thus providing effective shielding. Electromagnetic shielding is the process of lowering the electromagnetic field in an area by barricading it with conductive or magnetic material. Copper is used for radio frequency (RF) shielding because it absorbs radio and other electromagnetic waves. Properly designed and constructed RF shielding enclosures satisfy most RF shielding needs, from computer and electrical switching rooms to hospital CAT-scan and MRI facilities.님의 프로필 사진
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  • http://www.onicesroofing.com/Are Composition Shingles and Asphalt Shingles the Same Thing? The roofing industry is full of different names and terms that are hard to understand as a homeowner. This can be confusing and often frustrating. Especially when different roofing contractors use different terms to mean the same thing. This brings us to a commonly asked question, “Are composition shingles and asphalt shingles the same thing?” For over 30 years, the team at Bill Ragan Roofing has helped homeowners understand the lingo, terminology, and other aspects of the roofing industry. Now we\'ll be doing the same thing for you. To start this article off, we\'ll clarify if composition shingles and asphalt shingles are the same. After that, we\'ll give you 3 things that every homeowner needs to know about a composition shingle roof. Are composition shingles and asphalt shingles the same thing? Yes, composition shingles and asphalt shingles are the same thing. It\'s simply just another term the roofing industry uses for asphalt shingles. The term “composition” comes from the fact that asphalt shingles are a composite of man-made materials. These materials consist of fiberglass, tar, and granules put on a fiberglass mat to make a shingle. Insurance companies also call them composition shingles on claims for roof damage. So, if you see “composition” on your insurance claim, there\'s no reason to panic. At the end of the day, you might hear different roofing contractors use one or the other. But the majority of the roofing industry uses asphalt shingles. Things to know about composition (asphalt) shingles Now you know that composition shingles and asphalt shingles are the same thing. After learning this, you\'re ready to learn the 3 main things every homeowner needs to know about composition shingles. 1. The 3 types of composition shingles There are 3 types of composition (asphalt) shingles: 3-tab, architectural (dimensional or laminate), and luxury (shake look or slate look). All 3 shingles have different looks to fit the style you\'re looking for and your budget. 3-tab shingles lay flat and get their name from the 3 tabs on each shingle strip. Architectural (dimensional) shingles have a random pattern and shadow lines to give your roof more dimension. Some even simulate the look of a wood shake roof. Luxury (shake roof and slate roof) shingles are larger and thicker than the other shingles. Most luxury shingles are designed to look like slate tiles, hence the name slate look. 3-tab shingles used to dominate the roofing industry, but now architectural shingles are the most common type installed on roofs today. Luxury shingles are as heavily marketed as architectural shingles, but they\'re around double the price. No matter your budget or the look you want, you\'ll be able to find an asphalt shingle that fits your needs. 2. The materials and components that make up a composition shingle roof While choosing which shingle you want is the fun part; your composition roof system is much more than the shingles you see from the street. It\'s a combination of key roofing components and materials that come together to form a complete roof system. These other roofing materials and components are just as important as the composition shingles themselves. The main materials and components that make up a composition roof are: Roof decking Roof flashing Underlayment Drip edge Ice and water shield Shingles Ridge capping Roof vents Pipe boots Flashing These materials come together to make a complete roof system that protects you and your family. To learn more about the functions of each roofing component and material, click on the hyperlinks attached to the materials or check out the 9 materials included in your roof replacement. 3. The lifespan of composition shingle roof A composition roof\'s lifespan is the number of leak-free years you get out of it. Remember the 3 types of composition shingles we discussed earlier? Well, each comes with a specified lifespan from the manufacturer. 3-tab shingles can last up to 25 years and live the shortest of the three types of composition shingles. On the other hand, both architectural and luxury shingles have a lifespan of around 30 years. But the luxury style is thicker and has the possibility to go over 30 years and up to 50 under the right conditions. As long as the composition shingles are properly installed and your attic is adequately ventilated, they\'ll get really close to the lifespans above. However, other factors impact how long a composition roof ultimately lasts. How much does a composition (asphalt) shingle roof cost? Now you know 3 things every homeowner needs to know about a composition roof. However, there\'s still one more crucial thing you need to learn. This, of course, is how much a composition shingle roof costs. The problem is, the roofing industry avoids talking about pricing or anything else relating to cost. But here at Bill Ragan Roofing, we do things differently. That\'s why we wrote another article that gives you the cost of a composition (asphalt) roof and the factors that impact the price of a replacement. The team at Bill Ragan Roofing has provided homeowners in Nashville and surrounding areas with high-quality asphalt roofing services since 1990. Whether you need repairs or a full roof replacement, you can count on our workmanship backed by a lifetime warranty to take care of your roof for decades to come. To learn what you can expect to pay for a composition roof replacement, check out How Much a New Asphalt Roof Costs: Pricing, Factors & Considerations. What Are Laminated Shingles? You\'ve just gotten off the phone with another Marietta roofing contractor and he only seemed interested in installing laminated shingles on your roof. He\'s told you that they are his most popular seller, but does that mean they are the best shingle for your roof? Are laminated shingles really that great, or is it just sales hype? 3-TAB AND LAMINATED SHINGLES – WHAT A MARIETTA ROOFING COMPANY KNOWS ABOUT HOW THEY ARE MADE The difference between laminated and 3-tab shingles is really quite simple. They are both made from the same basic components, but one just uses more of them. The laminated shingle is essentially a beefed-up version of a 3-tab shingle, so it makes some sense to discuss the simpler 3-tab shingle, first. Twenty or so years ago, 3-tab shingles were used almost exclusively to cover residential roofs. Today\'s 3-tab shingle has not changed much, in terms of basic construction and size. A 1-ft. tall X 3-ft. wide shingle slab is cut with slots at one end to create three tabs, each about 5-in. tall X 12-in. wide. What results is the well-known and widely used “3-tab shingle.” The shingles are overlapped and nailed in place during installation. After a roof is finished the tabs are the only visible part of each shingle. Those unfamiliar with roofing often assume each tab is an individual shingle. Of course, now you know what every professional Marietta roofing contractor knows. Each visible “shingle” is, in fact, one of the tabs in a 3-tab shingle. As suggested earlier, laminated shingles are actually an enhanced, stronger version of a standard 3-tab shingle. Unlike a 3-tab shingle, a laminated shingle has an extra layer under its lower half. This gives the tabs on a laminated shingle a thickness that is twice as deep as it would be otherwise. But why is this thickness necessary? The primary goal of a laminated shingle is to provide a more natural and deeper look than that offered by a conventional 3-tab shingle. That is why laminated shingles are sometimes called architectural shingles. A laminated shingle creates depth by featuring tabs of varying widths that are separated by large, randomly spaced gaps. The large spaces between the cut tabs highlights the thickness of the tabs, creating a wonderful, visually appealing effect of depth. Some laminated shingles employ different shades, tones and even contrasting colors to create an even more distinctive, yet natural appearance. 3-Tab And Laminated Shingles – A Performance Comparison That Every Marietta Roofing Contractor Understands The next questions to ask is, how does the extra material used in a laminated shingle translate into performance? By virtue of their heavier construction, laminated shingles are able to last longer than 3-tab shingles. With more protective asphalt, granules and fiberglass per square foot, laminated shingles can resist sun, heat, impact and water damage more effectively and for a longer time than 3-tab shingles can. This is reflected, in general, by longer warranty times and higher wind ratings for laminated shingles. A side-by-side comparison of 3-tab and laminated shingles is presented below. Note that the warranty information provided is generic in nature and provided for reference, only. You should confirm product specific shingle warranty details with your Marietta roofing contractor before you make any purchasing decisions. How Long Can You Expect Your Asphalt Roof to Last? When investing in a new roof, you\'re expecting to get as many years out of it as possible. This is especially true for an asphalt roof. One of the most crucial questions customers ask is how long their asphalt roof will last. While a roofing contractor can say 25 or 30 years, you\'re probably wondering if it\'ll actually last that long. Luckily, we\'re here to help you understand the lifespan of your asphalt roof. The team at Bill Ragan Roofing has been installing asphalt roofs in the Nashville area since 1990. We know what it takes to maximize the life of your roof with our workmanship and attention to detail. The truth is, you should get pretty close to the manufacturer\'s lifespan of your roofing materials. But there are a number of factors that ultimately determine how much life you\'ll get out of your asphalt roof. By the end of this article, you\'ll know how long your asphalt roof should last and the factors that affect its lifespan. And to help save time and make your research a little easier, grab the Asphalt Roof Replacement Cheat Sheet at the very end. How long will your asphalt roof last? There are three types of asphalt shingles, 3-tab, dimensional, and luxury. But for this article, we\'re going to use the two most common asphalt shingles, 3-tab and dimensional, as examples. 3-tab shingles generally come with a 25-year manufacturer warranty. Dimensional shingles come with a 30-year manufacturer warranty. Vented properly and installed correctly, you should get around 80-85% of the life span out of an asphalt roof. That means you can expect to get about 20-22 years out of your 3-tab shingle roof and 25-28 years out of your dimensional shingles.님의 프로필 사진
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  • http://www.bowlabels.com/How to Make Wine Labels If you make your own wine, or simply want to spruce up a wine bottle for a party, you can make wine labels with two Microsoft programs: Microsoft Office and Microsoft Publisher. These programs allow you to customize your own wine labels with text and graphics. Impress your guests with your own bottle of wine customized to suit the theme of the party. Designing your own wine labels is simple after you familiarize yourself with the basics of these programs. Open the Microsoft Publisher Catalog. Choose \"Labels\" and then select \"Borders Shipping Label.\" You will see a button that says \"Start Wizard.\" Select this option, and then choose \"Finish.\" Select the \"Business Name\" box and hit delete on your keyboard. You will also need to delete the line under the box, and the business logo. If you do not know where the delete button is on your keyboard, simply right-click on each object and select \"Cut.\" Use the \"Label Wizard\" box on the left side of your screen. Choose the \"Color Scheme\" for your wine label. Choose the \"Primary Business Address\" box and change the text with the font options located on the tool bar. You can add any text in this box that you will want displayed on the wine label. Try changing the size, color and style of the text to suit the theme of your wine bottle. Once you change the text in the \"Primary Business Address\" box, select the \"Mailing Address\" box and elect to change the text. Use the \"Text Frame\" tool to add any additional text. Select each box and drag it to the center of your wine label. Insert a picture to your label by selecting the \"Insert\" menu, selecting \"Picture\" and clicking \"Clip Art.\" In the search box you can look for clip art to match your wine bottle. Select the image you want, and click \"Insert Clip Art.\" You can change the size of the clip art by dragging any of the corners to resize the image. Print the wine labels on sticker paper. Select \"Print\" from the \"File Menu.\" Once the label prints, cut it out with scissors and stick it on to your bottle. Make Wine Labels with Microsoft Word Step 1 Open a new document in Microsoft Word. When the \"New Document\" window opens, select \"Labels\" on the left side of the box and choose \"Mailing and Shipping\" and then click \"Business Labels.\" Select the appropriate size label for your wine bottle. Step 2 Highlight the text on each label and hit the backspace or delete button on the keyboard. Use the \"Tool Bar\" to add your own text. You can experiment with the size, color and font style of your text. Step 3 Choose the \"Insert\" tab located on the toolbar. Select to insert a \"Picture\" or \"Clip Art.\" When you select to insert a picture, you will need to locate it on your computer. Once you select to insert clip art, a search box will appear on the right side of the screen. Type any keywords to find the appropriate clip art for the wine label. Step 4 Use the \"Insert\" tab to add more details to your wine label. You can add another text box, draw a shape and even add a border and background color to your label. Step 5 Select \"Print\" from the \"File Menu.\" Select \"Properties\" and ensure that you print the label in the highest quality. Once the label prints, cut it out with scissors and stick it onto your wine bottle. Automated Data Labeling vs Manual Data Labeling: Optimizing Annotation Accurately labeled datasets are the raw material for the machine and deep learning revolution. Vast quantities of data are required to train new generations of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Correctly labelled images train AI systems to reliably distinguish between a stop sign and pedestrian or between a raised hand and a raised gun. Demand for data labeling for vision-based machine learning is therefore growing rapidly. AI developers increasingly need larger training datasets that maintain the accuracy that is so vital for safety and reliability. How do we go about creating the accurate, scalable datasets that industry needs? To begin answering this question we first need to consider automated data labeling vs manual data labeling. The differences between these approaches to data labeling point the way forward for smart dataset creation. Automatic Data Labeling: Machines Training Machines Automatic data labeling processes have the potential to overcome some of the challenges presented by the laborious annotation cycle. After training from a labeled dataset, a machine learning model can be applied to a set of unlabeled data. The model should then be able predict the appropriate labels for the new dataset. Automated data labeling algorithms can be improved via human input. After the AI has labeled the raw data, a human annotator reviews and verifies the labels. Accurately labeled data can then take its place in the training dataset. If the annotator observes mistakes in the labeling they can then proceed to correct it. This corrected data can then also be used to train the labeling AI. The Auto-label AI is capable of handling the majority of easily identified labels. This has the advantage of greatly speeding up the initial labeling stage. However, automated data labeling still produces a significant amount of errors that could prove costly when fed through to an AI model. Manual Data Labeling: The Human Touch Manual data labeling generally means individual annotators identifying objects in images or video frames. These annotators comb through hundreds of thousands of images hoping to construct comprehensive, quality AI training data. Specific labeling techniques are applied to the raw data depending on the needs of the developer. These techniques include: Bounding box annotation: A rectangle is drawn around the object in the image allowing an AI to recognise/avoid it. This technique is more common due to its relative simplicity and is therefore more cost effective. Polygon annotation: In this case the annotator is required to plot vertices around an object in order to more accurately capture its shape. Semantic segmentation: This is a technique used for grouping together objects in an image e.g. separating roads from buildings. This type of labeling is more precise and therefore more difficult. Manual data labeling has the potential to be somewhat labour intensive. Each instance of labeling may take seconds but the multiplicative effect of thousands of images could create a backlog and impede a project. This is why many AI developers are opting to use professional data annotation services, such as Keymakr, to produce their machine learning datasets. A managed workforce of experienced annotators is able to scale manual data labeling to the demands of any project. Significant advancements have been made with automated labeling algorithms. However, well-trained human annotators remain the go-to when it comes to precision and quality in training datasets. Manual labeling is able to capture the edge cases that automated systems continue to miss, and knowledgeable human managers are able to ensure quality across huge volumes of data. Requirements for the Art merit badge: Discuss the following with your counselor: What art is and what some of the different forms of art are The importance of art to humankind What art means to you and how art can make you feel Discuss with your counselor the following terms and elements of art: line, value, shape, form, space, color, and texture. Show examples of each element. Discuss with your counselor the six principles of design: rhythm, balance, proportion, variety, emphasis, and unity. Render a subject of your choice in FOUR of these ways: Pen and ink, Watercolors, Pencil, Pastels, Oil paints, Tempera, Acrylics, Charcoal Computer drawing or painting Do ONE of the following: Design something useful. Make a sketch or model of your design. With your counselor\'s approval, create a promotional piece for the item using a picture or pictures. Tell a story with a picture or pictures or using a 3-D rendering. Design a logo. Share your design with your counselor and explain the significance of your logo. Then, with your parent\'s permission and your counselor\'s approval, put your logo on Scout equipment, furniture, ceramics, or fabric. With your parent\'s permission and your counselor\'s approval, visit a museum, art exhibit, art gallery, artists\' co-op, or artist\'s workshop. Find out about the art displayed or created there. Discuss what you learn with your counselor. Find out about three career opportunities in art. Pick one and find out the education, training, and experience required for this profession. Discuss this with your counselor, and explain why this profession might interest you.님의 프로필 사진
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    - "http://www.yycindustry.com/Steroids: Do They Work and Are They Safe? “Legal steroids” is a catch-all term for muscle-building supplements that don’t fall under the category of “ille […]"
  • http://www.bulkhairaccessories.com/Here are some things to think about when choosing a headband Look for headbands in darker colors and more sophisticated prints ( likes leopard or snakeskin). Interesting textures can be quite sophisticated too. Thinner, finer plastic headbands tend to look chic as they are more subtle. Vintage headbands with a twist knot are trending and can be a playful fashion statement. A casual headband ( typically a brighter color) usually says “preppy.” Make sure your outfit is also casual to work with this look. Anything with a traditional bow is very tricky and in most cases are not age-appropriate Scarves tied as headbands are an excellent way to keep your hair back and will give you a boho-chic vibe Avoid any kind of headband that looks like something you’d see a 7-year-old wearing I\'m glad you brought this up since headbands have been so popular lately. They can certainly be a good thing to wear when transitioning from one style to another. A headband is great for accentuating bangs. It can flaunt a pixie cut, or show off longer locks quite nicely too. A headband can even become part of your signature style. The problem with wearing a headband after 40 is you can come across looking too girly and juvenile. Up until now, there hasn’t been a wide variety of headband styles, and the majority of headbands out there were sweet and childlike. Now that\'s changed. I think headbands can be fine at any age, but as a mature woman, I\'d steer clear of headbands with flowers, floppy bows, and sparkly little girl styles. Think classy, less cutesy when choosing a headband. This fine resin headband is more elegant. Hair Trends You Should Know About What 2021 hair trends should you know about? Despite the rollercoaster of a year that 2020 was, there\'s no denying that it was certainly memorable. And while a lot of those memories might have been made at home, that doesn\'t mean there weren\'t any good times. Still, 2021 is on track to be much better than the previous year, and that means there are new and exciting trends to look forward to. Sure, you might have lived in the same pair of sweatpants for a while, but that doesn\'t mean you can\'t have fun with your hair and makeup. Try a new smokey eye for that Zoom meeting, or just go for it and trim your hair for a wild and crazy Friday night! Despite the fact that no one knows exactly what 2021 will hold, there will certainly be some hair trends you should know about in the coming year. After all, if you are stuck at home more, why not learn new styles and looks to rock once you finally get to leave the house? If 2020 has taught us anything, it\'s that high-maintenance hairstyles and colors are so not worth it. Sure, you could style your hair every day, but what\'s the point? If you aren\'t naturally gifted at twisting your hair into fancy and complicated styles, then why force yourself to? That\'s one reason many people will be leaning towards a more natural, easy to maintain hair color for 2021, says colorist Richy Kandasamy. \"For a lot of clients, this has been a positive reset and they want to embrace their natural hair color or stay as close to their natural color as possible,\" they told Harper\'s Bazaar. In the same vein, natural styles and trends will be all the rage as well, as noted by Oribe Principal Educator of Content and Training Kien Hoang. \"I\'m predicting that spring 2021 will go towards a \'90s feel with more lived-in looks,\" they shared. So, if you don\'t like trying to pull off the latest hair trends, 2021 might just be your year because natural and lived-in looks will be huge. Reasons Why You Need To Start Wearing Scrunchies Again Scrunchies are back in a big way and I\'m loving it. Not only because it takes me back to my childhood (dating myself here), but because scrunchies are really good for your hair! So let\'s talk scrunchies today. Some of the benefits and then I\'ll show you some of my favorite new scrunchies I\'ve been wearing lately. 1. Scrunchies Are Good for Your Hair. They won\'t cause breakage. The layer of fabric around the elastic band means that your hair won’t get tangled and knotted with a scrunchie. I have used good hair ties and no matter what they always pull my hair out. The same goes for my daughter. Trying to take a hair tie out of a 2 year old’s hair is not easy and the hair ties always have hair stuck to it when I remove them. A scrunchie won\'t do that. The fabric should be soft and it will glide over the strands and not pull and tug. They won\'t leave kinks. My hair ties always leave kinks in my hair. Especially because I sleep with them on. I wake up every day with a kink and a strange wave in my hair. Scrunchies won\'t do that. They are so soft and gentle on your hair strands and they shouldn\'t leave deep kinks in your hair that are difficult to get out the next day. 2. Scrunchies are Fashionable and Stylish. Scrunchies are a true accessory. With all the fun patterns and fabrics, you can change up your look so easily by switching them out. I love all the different patterns and textures that are available now. They make a statement and depending on the pattern you choose can really dress up an outfit! Just like handbags and shoes they can really add to a look. 3. Scrunchies Are So Much Prettier Than A Hair Tie. A hair tie just isn\'t very noticeable and blends in with your hair. Scrunchies makes a statement… AND wearing them on your wrist is like wearing a bracelet because they are so pretty!! I don\'t know about you, but I am the worst about leaving a black hair band on my wrist. I\'m shocked I made it down the aisle without it on my wrist!! The scrunchie will look pretty on your wrist and it won’t leave an indentation! Your Holiday Hairstyle Deserves A Dose Of Sparkle It\'s beginning to look a lot like Chr-... okay maybe not quite yet, but it’s never too soon to start planning out your holiday glam. Though the holidays hold much excitement, from the food, to the decorations, and time spent with family, the most exciting part of it all, arguably, are the outfits — not to mention the holiday hair accessories that act as the cherry on top. If you’re thinking a few weeks ahead about what you’ll wear to the numerous holiday parties that you have pending invitations to, don’t forget to include a festive hair accessory to complete the look. Most other months in the year don’t call for sparkly berets and bedazzled headbands, but November through December is your opportunity to pull out all the stops with preppy glam holiday looks. Even if preppy is not your style, there is a holiday hair accessory to match every aesthetic — opt for a sleek bucket hat instead or even a subtle hair pin that’s nearly undetectable, but still adds a bit of shine to your look. Below, see 10 holiday hair accessories that guarantee you’ll be the hottie at every holiday party — or just around the family dinner table. Damage Control: 10 Hair accessories you should really stop using We all love our hair, don\'t we? It\'s what gives us character. You might be the type of person who spends hours upon hours each week taking good care of your precious tresses with all the right conditioners and serums, so why spoil all your hard work with the wrong accessories? Indeed, there are many things we should banish from our hair routine. Some may even surprise you. Taking care of your hair is not a simple task, of course, and using accessories will make things just a little bit easier. However, habits such as using a rough towel to rub at your hair and scalp as soon as you get out of the shower is a bad way to start with proper haircare. Reduce the damage done! Discover 10 accessories you need to banish from your life if you want to have beautiful hair! Straw hats, in particular, should be avoided, as your hair can get caught in between the gaps in the material and you may suffer from hair loss due to this. In general, hats can make your scalp accumulate grease faster as it prevents sufficient airflow and breathability. Clothing with embellishments such as sequins will create friction when your hair is let down and loose. This can promote the appearance of split-ends. Be careful of ornamentation such as pearls, glitter, and coarse fabrics. Your hair may cling to these. Pay close attention to the quality of the hairpins you use. To make sure they don\'t end up damaging your hair, ensure that they have a plastic end cap and that they are protected by a film so they don\'t end up tugging and clamping on your strands. If this is the case, you should throw them away and find better ones. Bristles made of plastic can irritate your scalp and cause unwanted static. Swap them out with ones that have bristles made of natural materials such as wild boar hair. Clip-in extensions can weigh down your real hair and damage your scalp in the long run. They might end up pulling out your hair and leaving noticeable bald spots and gaps. If you are a fan of these extensions, be sure not to use them every day, especially if you already have thin hair!Elastic rubber or bands with small bits of metal are to be avoided. Your hair can get caught and tugged out painfully when you try to remove such bands. Constantly tying up your hair in elastic bands in styles that are too tight will also aggravate hair loss. Choose bands made of softer fabrics to limit friction.님의 프로필 사진
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    - "http://www.yimenggarment.com/The 9 Most Comfortable Hoodies Whether you want to layer up for winter or enjoy a cool summer night, hoodies are a comfy and convenient staple to have in your wardrobe. Warm, cozy, and […]"
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